# Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Complex Numbers Ex 2.6

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## Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Complex Numbers Ex 2.6

Question 1.
If z = x + iy is a complex number such that $$\left|\frac{z-4 i}{z+4 i}\right|=1$$. show that the locus of z is real axis.
Solution:
$$\left|\frac{z-4 i}{z+4 i}\right|=1$$
⇒ |z – 4i| = |z + 4i|
let z = x + iy
⇒ |x + iy – 4i| = |x + iy + 4i|
⇒ |x + i(y – 4)| = |x +(y + 4)|
⇒ $$\sqrt{x^{2}+(y-4)^{2}}=\sqrt{x^{2}+(y+4)^{2}}$$
Squaring on both sides, we get
x2 + y2 – 8y + 16 = x2 + y2 + 16 + 8y
⇒ -16y = 0
⇒ y = 0 in two equation of real axis.

Question 2.
If z = x + iy is a complex number such that Im $$\left(\frac{2 z+1}{i z+1}\right)=0$$ show that the locus of z is 2x2 + 2y2 + x – 2y = 0.
Solution:
Let z = x + iy

2x2 + 2y2 + x – 2y = 0.
Hence proved.

Question 3.
Obtain the Cartesian form of the locus of z = x + iy in each of the following cases:
(i) [Re(iz)]2 = 3
(ii) Im[(1 – i)z + 1] = 0
(iii) |z + i| = |z – 1|
(iv) $$\bar{z}=z^{-1}$$
Solution:
(i) z = x + iy
[Re(iz)]2 = 3
⇒ [Re[i(x + iy]]2 = 3
⇒ [Re(ix – y)]2 = 3
⇒ (-y)2 = 3
⇒ y2 = 3

(ii) Im[(1 – i)z + 1] = 0
⇒ Im [(1 – i)(z + iy) + 1] = 0
⇒ Im[x + iy – ix + y + 1] = 0
⇒ Im[(x + y + 1) + i(y – x)] = 0
Considering only the imaginary part
y – x = 0 ⇒ x = y

(iii) |z + i| = |z – 1|
⇒ |x + iy + i| = | x + iy – 1|
⇒ |x + i(y + 1)| = |(x – 1) + iy|
Squaring on both sides
|x + i(y + 1)|2 = |(x – 1) + iy|2
⇒ x2 + (y + 1)2 = (x – 1)2 + y2
⇒ x2 + y2 + 2y + 1 = x2 – 2x + 1 + y2
⇒ 2y + 2x = 0
⇒ x + y = 0

(iv) $$\bar{z}=z^{-1}$$
⇒ $$\bar{z}=\frac{1}{z}$$
⇒ $$z \bar{z}=1$$
⇒ |z|2 = 1
⇒ |x + iy|2 = 1
⇒ x2 + y2 = 1

Question 4.
Show that the following equations represent a circle, and, find its centre and radius.
(i) |z – 2 – i| = 3
(ii) |2z + 2 – 4i| = 2
(iii) |3z – 6 + 12i| = 8
Solution:
(i) Let z = x + iy
|z – 2 – i| = 3
⇒ |x + iy – 2 – i| = 3
⇒ |(x – 2) + i(y – 1)| = 3
⇒ $$\sqrt{(x-2)^{2}+(y-1)^{2}}=3$$
Squaring on both sides
(x – 2)2 + (y – 1)2 = 9
⇒ x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 2y + 1 – 9 = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – 4 = 0 represents a circle
2g = -4 ⇒ g = -2
2f = -2 ⇒ f = -1
c = -4
(a) Centre (-g, -f) = (2, 1) = 2 + i
(b) Radius = $$\sqrt{g^{2}+f^{2}-c}=\sqrt{4+1+4}=3$$
Aliter: |z – (2 + i)| = 3
Centre = 2 + i

(ii) |2(x + iy) + 2 – 4i| = 2
⇒ |2x + i2y + 2 – 4i| =2
⇒ |(2x + 2) + i(2y – 4)| = 2
⇒ |2(x + 1) + 2i(y – 2)| = 2
⇒ |(x + 1) + i(y – 2)| = 1
⇒ $$\sqrt{(x+1)^{2}(y-2)^{2}}=1$$
Squaring on both sides,
x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 + 4 – 4y – 1 = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y + 4 = 0 represents a circle
2g = 2 ⇒ g = 1
2f = -4 ⇒ f = -2
c = 4
(a) Centre (-g, -f) = (-1, 2) = -1 + 2i
(b) Radius = $$\sqrt{g^{2}+f^{2}-c}=\sqrt{1+4-4}=1$$
Aliter: 2|(z + 1 – 2i)| = 2
|z – (-1 + 2i)| = 1
Centre = -1 + 2i

(iii) |3(x + iy) – 6 + 12i| = 8
⇒ |3x + i3y – 6 + 12i| = 8
⇒ |3(x – 2) + i3 (y + 4)| = 8
⇒ 3|(x – 2) + i (y + 4)| = 8
⇒ $$3 \sqrt{(x-2)^{2}+(y+4)^{2}}=8$$
Squaring on both sides,
9[(x – 2)2 + (y + 4)2] = 64
⇒ x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 + 8y + 16 = $$\frac{64}{9}$$
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x + 8y + 20 – $$\frac{64}{9}$$ = 0
x2 + y2 – 4x + 8y + $$\frac{116}{9}$$ = 0 represents a circle.
2g = -4 ⇒ g = -2
2f = 8 ⇒ f = 4
c = $$\frac{116}{9}$$
(a) Centre (-g, -f) = (2, -4) = 2 – 4i
(b) Radius = $$=\sqrt{g^{2}+f^{2}-c}=\sqrt{4+16-\frac{116}{9}}=\sqrt{\frac{180-116}{9}}=\frac{8}{3}$$
Aliter:
|z – 2 + 4i| = $$\frac{8}{3}$$
⇒ |z – (2 – 4i)| = $$\frac{8}{3}$$
Centre = 2 – 4i, Radius = $$\frac{8}{3}$$

Question 5.
Obtain the Cartesian equation for the locus of z = x + iy in each of the following cases.
(i) |z – 4| = 16
(ii) |z – 4|2 – |z – 1|2 = 16
Solution:
(i) z = x + iy
|z – 4| = 16
⇒ |x + iy – 4| = 16
⇒ |(x – 4) + iy| = 16
⇒ $$\sqrt{(x-4)^{2}+y^{2}}=16$$
Squaring on both sides
(x – 4)2 + y2 = 256
⇒ x2 – 8x + 16 + y2 – 256 = 0
⇒ x2 + y2 – 8x – 240 = 0 represents the equation of circle

(ii) |x + iy – 4|2 – |x + iy – 1|2 = 16
⇒ |(x – 4) + iy|2 – |(x – 1) + iy|2 = 16
⇒ [(x – 4)2 + y2] – [(x – 1)2 + y2] = 16
⇒ (x2 – 8x + 16 + y2) – (x2 – 2x + 1 + y2) = 16
⇒ x2 + y2 – 8x + 16 – x2 + 2x – 1 – y2 = 16
⇒ -6x + 15 = 16
⇒ 6x + 1 = 0

## Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Complex Numbers Ex 2.6 Additional Problems

Question 1.
If the imaginary part of is -2, then show that the locus of the point representing z in the argand plane is a straight line.
Solution:
Let z = x + iy. Then,

Hence, the locus of z is a straight line

Question 2.
If the real part of is 4, then show that locus of the point representing z in the complex plane is a circle.
Solution:

It is given that the real part of is 4.

Question 3.

Solution:

Question 4.
If arg (z – 1) = $$\frac{\pi}{6}$$ and arg (z + 1) = 2 $$\frac{\pi}{3}$$ , then prove that |z| = 1.
Solution:

Question 5.
P represents the variable complex number z. Find the locus of P, if
Solution:

Question 6.
P represents the variable complex number z. Find the locus of P, if
Solution:
Let z = x + iy