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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th Maths Solutions Chapter 3 Theory of Equations Ex 3.7
Choose the correct or the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives:
Question 1.
A zero of x3 + 64 is _______
(a) 0
(b) 4
(c) 4i
(d) -4
Answer:
(d) -4
Hint: x3 + 64 = 0
⇒ x3 = -64
⇒ x3 = (-4)3
⇒ x = -4
Question 2.
If f and g are polynomials of degrees m and n respectively, and if h(x) = (f 0 g) (x), then the degree of h is ______
(a) mn
(b) m + n
(c) mn
(d) nm
Answer:
(a) mn
Question 3.
A polynomial equation in x of degree n always has _______
(a) n distinct roots
(b) n real roots
(c) n imaginary roots
(d) at most one root.
Answer:
(c) n imaginary roots (Every real number is also imaginary)
Question 4.
If α, β and γ are the zeros of x3 + px2 + qx + r, then \(\sum \frac{1}{\alpha}\) is ______
(a) \(-\frac{q}{r}\)
(b) \(\frac{q}{p}\)
(c) \(\frac{q}{r}\)
(d) \(-\frac{q}{p}\)
Answer:
(a) \(-\frac{q}{r}\)
Hint:
Question 5.
According to the rational root theorem, which number is not possible rational zero of 4x7 + 2x4 – 10x3 – 5?
(a) -1
(b) \(\frac{5}{4}\)
(c) \(\frac{4}{5}\)
(d) 5
Answer:
(c) \(\frac{4}{5}\)
Hint:
an = 4; a0 = 5
Let \(\frac{p}{q}\) be the root of P (x). P must divide 5, possible values of P are ±1, ±5
q must divide 4, possible values of q are ±1, ±2, ±4
Possible roots are \(\pm 1, \pm \frac{1}{2}, \pm \frac{1}{4}, \pm 5, \pm \frac{5}{2}, \pm \frac{5}{4}\)
Question 6.
The polynomial x3 – kx2 + 9x has three real zeros if and only if, k satisfies.
(a) |k| ≤ 6
(b) k = 0
(c) |k| > 6
(d) |k| ≥ 6
Answer:
(d) |k| ≥ 6
Hint:
x3 – kx2 + 9x = 0
⇒ x (x2 – kx + 9) = 0
x = 0 is one real root. If the remaining roots to be real if the
b2 – 4ac ≥ 0
⇒ k2 – 36 ≥ 0
⇒ k2 ≥ 36
⇒ |k| ≥ 6
Question 7.
The number of real numbers in [0, 2π] satisfying sin4 x – 2sin2 x + 1 is ______
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 1
(d) ∞
Answer:
(c) 1
Hint:
sin4 x – 2sin2 x + 1 = 0
⇒ t2 – 2t + 1 = 0
⇒ (t – 1)2 = 0
⇒ t – 1 = 0
⇒ t = 1
⇒ sin2 x = 1
⇒ \(\frac{1-\cos 2 x}{2}=1\)
⇒ 1 – cos 2x = 2
⇒ cos 2x = cos 0
⇒ 2x = 2nπ
⇒ x = nπ
n = 0, x = 0
n = 1, x = π
n = 2, x = 2π
Question 8.
If x3 + 12x2 + 10ax + 1999 definitely has a positive zero, if and only if _______
(a) a ≥ 0
(b) a > 0
(c) a < 0
(d) a ≤ 0
Answer:
(c) a < 0
Hint:
If a < 0, then P(x) = x3 + 12x2 + 10ax + 1999 has 2 changes of sign.
∴ P (x) has atmost two positive roots. So a < 0
Question 9.
The polynomial x3 + 2x + 3 has _______
(a) one negative and two imaginary zeros
(b) one positive and two imaginary zeros
(c) three real zeros
(d) no zeros
Answer:
(a) one negative and two imaginary zeros
Hint:
P(x) = x3 + 2x + 3; No positive root.
P(-x) = -x3 – 2x + 3; Only one change in the sign.
∴ One negative root.
Question 10.
The number of positive zeros of the polynomial is ______
(a) 0
(b) n
(c) <n
(d) r
Answer:
(b) n