Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Grammar Determiners

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Grammar Determiners

Observe the nouns in the following sentences and words before them.

• An apple is a healthy fruit.
• Two cats have drunk a bowl of milk,
• My father has many cars.

Determiners are the words that introduce a noun and provide some information about it (but do not describe it). .
Determiners are followed by a noun.

• The ball
• Five cats
• His son
• Some students

Types of Determiners

• The quantifiers all, any, enough, less, a lot of, more, most, no, none of, some etc., are used with both countable and uncountable nouns.
• The quantifiers both, each, either, fewer, neither etc., are used only with countable nouns.

ARTICLES

Articles are bifurcated into
(i) Definite Article (the) and
(ii) indefinite articles (a, an).

(i) DEFINITE ARTICLE : When to use “THE”

❖ General Rules
Use the to refer to something which has already been mentioned.

Examples :
On Monday, an unarmed man stole 10,000 from the bank. The thief hasn’t been caught yet.
I was walking past Benny’s Bakery when I decided to go into the bakery to get some bread.

Use the when you assume there is just one of something in that place, even if it has not been mentioned before.

Examples :
We went on a walk in the forest yesterday.
Where is the bathroom?
Turn left and go to number 45. Our house is near the restaurant.
My father enjoyed the book you gave him.

(ii) INDEFINITE ARTICLES : When to use “a” and “an”.

In English, the two indefinite articles are a and an.
Like other articles, indefinite articles are invariable.

You use one or the other, depending on the first letter of the word following the article, for pronunciation reasons. Use a when the next word starts with a consonant, or before words starting in u and eu when they sound like you. Use an when the next word starts with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or with a mute h.

Examples :
a boy, an apple, a car, a helicopter, an elephant, a big elephant, an itchy sweater, an ugly duck, a European, a university, a unit, an hour, an honour.

The indefinite article is used to refer to something for the first time or to refer to a particular member of a group or class. Some use cases and examples are given below.

1. Would you like a drink?
2. I’ve finally got a good job.
3. An elephant and a mouse fell into the well.

Example :

1. Mary is training to be an engineer.
2. John is an Englishman
3. I’d like an orange and two lemons please.

Demonstratives
Demonstratives show where an object, event, or person is in relation to the speaker. They can refer to a physical or a psychological closeness or distance. When talking about events, the near demonstratives are often used to refer to the present while the far demonstratives often refer to the past.

Examples:

Possessive Adjectives (Determiners)

Possessive adjectives are not pronouns, but rather determiners. It is useful to learn them at the same time as pronouns, however, because they are similar in form to the possessive pronouns. Possessive adjectives function as adjectives, so they appear before the noun they modify. They do not replace a noun as pronouns do.

Examples :
Did mother find my shoes?
The teacher wants to see your homework.
Samantha will fix her bike tomorrow.
The cat broke its leg.
This is our house.
Where is their school?

Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns replace possessive nouns as either the subject or the object of a clause. Because the noun being replaced doesn’t appear in the sentence, it must be clear from the context.

Examples :
This bag is mine.
Yours is not blue.
That bag looks like his.
These shoes are not hers.
That car is ours.
Theirs is parked in the garage.

Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns

Reflexive and intensive pronouns are the same set of words but they have different functions in a sentence.

Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of the clause because the subject of the action is also the direct or indirect object. Only certain types of verbs can be reflexive. You cannot remove a reflexive pronoun from a sentence because the remaining sentence would be grammatically incorrect.

Examples :
I told myself to calm down.
You cut yourself on this nail?
He hurt himself on the stairs.
She found herself in a dangerous part of town.
The cat threw itself under my car!
We blame ourselves for the fire.
The children can take care of themselves.

Quantifiers
Quantifiers are adjectives and adjectival phrases that give approximate or specific answers to the questions “How much?” and “How many?” The pages in this section will teach you more about the different quantifiers in English and how they are used.

• Numbers in English: ordinal, cardinal, and percentages
• To answer the questions How much? and How many? certain quantifiers can be used with countable nouns (friends, cups, people), others with uncountable nouns (sugar, tea, money) and still others with all types of nouns.

Examples :
Would you like some tea and a few cookies?
I always put a little milk and some carrots in my soup.
He has several apples. I don’t have any fruit at all.
She has plenty of clothes for the winter.
I received a large amount of feedback from my survey.

Cardinal Numbers
A Cardinal Number says how many of something there are, such as one, two, three, four, five, etc.
A Cardinal Number answers the question “How Many?”

Examples :
There are twenty children in the class.
He purchased two books.
There are five plates on the table.
Sumitha is fourteen years old.

Ordinal Numbers

An Ordinal Number tells us the position of something in a list, such as first, second, third, fourth, fifth and so on.
Examples :
Let us begin with the first chapter.
We live in the fourth house on the right.
I was bom on the fifteenth of January.
He got the second prize.

Exercises

1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners,
1. Our garden looks awful this summer. There are too ____________ weeds
Answers:
many

2. There aren’t ____________ flowering plants in our garden.
Answers:
many

3. How ____________ pages did you read?
Answers:
many

4. They say ____________ knowledge is a dangerous thing.
Answers:
a little

5. I am having ____________ trouble passing my driving exam.
Answers:
a lot of

6. ____________ people can afford a home these days.
Answers:
few

7. You have ____________ patience
Answers:
little

8. She earns ____________ money than i do
Answers:
less

9. ____________ of the information proved to be outdated.
Answers:
some

10. I didn’t use ____________ fertilizer last spring.
Answers:
much

Choose the correct determiner.
1. There are chairs in this room than in the other room, (more / much)
Answer:
more

2. The assistant didn’t give information, (much / many)
Answer:
much

3. After the negotiations, they made changes in their proposal, (little/few)
Answer:
few

4. mosquitoes appeared after the rain. (A large amount of / A great number of)
Answer:
A great number of

5. Toned Milk has calories than Full Cream Milk, (less / fewer)
Answer:
fewer

6. students taking TOEFL is increasing. (The amount of / The number of)
Answer:
The number of

7. The case had to be reconsidered with new evidence, (these / this)
Answer:
this

8. I like to eat food, (many / a lot of)
Answer:
A lot of

9. She ate French–fries than usual, (fewer / less)
Answer:
fewer

10. He wants to make as money as possible, (much / many)
Answer:
much

11. Vini invited a large of people to the party, (amount/number)
Answer:
number

12. Raji will drink an endless of milk if you let her. (amount / number)
Answer:
Amount

Fill in the blanks with a, an, the, or leave the blank.
1. Han is earning Rupees 1000 _____ hour at the Food court.
Answer:
an

2. Janani makes it ______ habit to buy clothes on sale.
Answer:
a

3. To tell ______ truth, a bank savings account may not be the best place for your money.
Answer:
the

4. Hemá showed initiative when she decided to start a business of her own.
Answer:
an

5. Losing as little as ______ quart of blood can result in shock and unconsciousness.
Answer:
a

6. Over last 20 years, more than 3 million people have visited ______ theme park.
Answer:
the, the

7. Major changes have taken place in ______ Educational services.
Answer:
the

8. Dr. Richards predicts ______ extinction of the whooping crane.
Answer:
th

9. Taking a hot bath is ______ good way to relax.
Answer:
a