Students can Download Computer Applications Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Solutions Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Introduction to Computers Text Book Back Questions and Answers
I. Choose The Correct Answer
Question 1.
First generation computers used:
(a) vacuum tubes
(b) transistors
(c) integrated circuits
(d) microprocessors
Answer:
(a) vacuum tubes
Question 2.
Name the volatile memory:
(a) ROM
(b) PROM
(c) RAM
(d) EPROM
Answer:
(c) RAM
Question 3.
Identify the output device:
(a) keyboard
(b) memory
(c) monitor
(d) mouse
Answer:
(c) monitor
Question 4.
Identify the input device:
(a) printer
(b) mouse
(c) plotter
(d) projector
Answer:
(b) mouse
Question 5.
……………………… output device is used for printing building plan, flex board, etc.
(a) Thermal printer
(b) Plotter
(c) Dot matrix
(d) Inkjet printer
Answer:
(b) Plotter
Question 6.
In ATM machines, which one of the following is used to:
(a) touch screen
(b) speaker
(c) monitor
(d) printer
Answer:
(a) touch screen
Question 7.
When a system restarts ………………………. which type of booting is used?
(a) Warm booting
(b) Cold booting
(c) Touch boot
(d) Real boot
Answer:
(a) Warm booting
Question 8.
Expand POST:
(a) Post on self Test
(b) Power on Software Test
(c) Power on Self Test
(d) Power on Self Text
Answer:
(c) Power on Self Test
Question 9.
Which one of the following is the main memory?
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) Flash drive
(d) Hard disk
Answer:
(b) RAM
Question 10.
Which generation of computer used IC’s?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Answer:
(d) Fourth
II. Short Answers
Question 1.
What is a computer?
Answer:
“A Computer is an electronic device that takes raw data (unprocessed) as an input from the user and processes it under the control of a set of instructions (called program), produces a result (output), and saves it for future use.”
Question 2.
Distinguish between data and information?
Answer:
Data:
Data is defined as an unprocessed collection of raw facts, suitable for communication, interpretation or processing.
Eg: 134, 16, ‘Kavitha’ ‘C’ are data. This will not give any meaningful message.
Information:
Information is a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn.
Eg: Kavitha is 16 years old.
Question 3.
What are the components of a CPU?
Answer:
The CPU has three components which are Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Memory Unit.
Question 4.
What is the function of an ALU?
Answer:
The ALU is a part of the CPU where various computing functions are performed on data. The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical operations. The result of an operation is stored in internal memory of CPU. The logical operations of ALU promote the decision-making ability of a computer.
Question 5.
Write the functions of control unit?
Answer:
The control unit controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices. It also controls the entire operation of a computer.
Question 6.
What is the function of memory?
Answer:
The memory unit is of two types which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.
The Primary Memory is volatile, that is, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off. The Random Access Memory (RAM) is an example of a main memory. The Secondary memory is non volatile, that is, the content is available even after the power supply is switched off. Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM are examples of secondary memory.
Question 7.
Differentiate Input and output unit?
Answer:
Input unit:
Input unit is used to feed data to the computer, initially which can be stored in the memory unit for further processing.
Eg: Keyboard, Mouse, etc.
Output unit:
An output unit is any hardware component that conveys information in users understandable form.
Eg: Printer, Plotter etc.
Question 8.
Distinguish Primary and Secondary memory?
Answer:
Primary memory:
- It is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute.
- It is a volatile memory that is, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off.
- Eg: Random Access Memory (RAM)
Secondary memory:
- It is used to store the data permanently.
- It is a non-volatile memory that is, the content is available even after the power supply is switched off.
- Eg: Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM.
III. Explain in Brief
Question 1.
What are the characteristics of a computer?
Answer:
The general characteristics of computers are speed, memory capacity, accuracy, diligence, representativeness, reliability, endurance and versatility.
Question 2.
Write the applications of computer?
Answer:
The applications of computers are business, education, marketing, banking, insurance, communication, health care, military, engineering design.
Question 3.
What is an input device? Give two examples?
Answer:
The input device is the component through which data and instructions are provided to the computer. Eg: Keyboard and mouse.
Question 4.
Name any three output devices?
Answer:
The output device is the component which delivers the data and informtion proceed by the CPU. Eg: Monitor, plotter, printers.
Question 5.
Differentiate optical and Laser mouse?
Answer:
Optical Mouse:
- It uses Red, Blue or Green led.
- It has three buttons.
- It is less sensitive and sensitive towards surface.
Laser Mouse:
- It use only infrared led.
- It has as many as 12 buttons and can be programmed by user.
- It is highly sensitive and able to. work on any hard surface.
Question 6.
Write short note on impact printer?
Answer:
These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon. These printers can print on miflti-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure. Eg: Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers.
A Dot matrix printer that prints using a fixed number of pins or wires. Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, also called a “wire” or “pin”, which works by the power of a tiny electromagnet or solenoid, either directly or through a set of small levers. It generally prints one line of text at a time. The printing speed of these printers varies from 30 to 1550 CPS (Character Per Second).
Line matrix printers use a fixed print head for printing. Basically, it prints a page-wide line of dots. But it builds up a line of text by printing lines of dots. Line printers are capable of printing much more than 1000 Lines Per Minute, resulting in thousands of pages per hour. These printers also uses mechanical pressure to print on multi-part (using carbon papers).
Question 7.
Write the characteristics of sixth generation?
Answer:
- Parallel and Distributed computing.
- Computers have become smarter, faster and smaller.
- Development of robotics.
- Natural Language Processing.
- Development of Voice Recognition Software.
Question 8.
Write the significant features of monitor?
Answer:
Monitor is the most commonly used output device to display the information. It looks like a TV, Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called Pixels. Monitors may either be Monochrome which display text or images in Black and White or can be color, which display results in multiple colors.
There are many types of monitors available such as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diodes). The monitor works with the VGA (Video Graphics Array) card. The video graphics card helps the keyboard to communicate with the screen. It acts as an interface between the computer and display monitor. Usually the recent motherboards incorporate built-in video card.
IV. Explain in detail
Question 1.
Explain the basic components of a computer with a neat diagram?
Answer:
The computer is the combination of hardware and software. Hardware is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor, keyboard etc., while software is the set of programs or instructions. Both hardware and software together make the computer system function.
Input device:
Input unit is used to feed any form of data to the computer, which can be stored in the memory unit for further processing. Eg: Keyboard, mouse, etc.
Central processing unit (CPU):
CPU is the major component which interprets and executes software instructions. It also control the operation of all other components such as memory, input and output units. It accepts binary data as input, process the data according to the instructions and provide the result as output. The CPU has three components which are Control unit, Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and Memory unit.
(i) Arithmetic and Logic Unit:
The ALU is a part of the CPU where various computing functions are performed on data. The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical operations. The result of an operation is stored in internal memory of CPU. The logical operations of ALU promote the decision making ability of a computer.
(ii) Control Unit:
The control unit controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices. It also controls the entire operation of a computer.
Output Unit:
An Output Unit is any hardware component that conveys information to users in an understandable form. Example: Monitor, Printer etc.
Memory Unit:
The Memory Unit is of two types which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.
(i) The Primary Memory is volatile, that is, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off. The Random Access Memory (RAM) is an example of a main memory.
(ii) The Secondary memory is non volatile, that is, the content is available even after the power supply is switched off. Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM are examples of secondary memory.
Question 2.
Discuss the various generations of computers?
Answer:
Growth in the computer industry is determined by the development in technology. Based on various stages of development, computers can be divided into different generations.
Question 3.
Explain the following:
- Inkjet Printer
- Multimedia projector
- Bar code
- QR code Reader.
1. Inkjet Printer:
inkjet Printers use colour cartridges which combined Magenta, Yellow and Cyan inks to create color tones. A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output. Inkjet printers work by spraying ionised ink at a sheet of paper. The speed of Inkjet printers generaly range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).
They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper in bubbles or by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by electronic circuits are used inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed. An Inkjet printer can spread millions of dots of ink at the paper every single second.
2. Multimedia projector:
Multimedia projectors are used to produce computer output on a big screen. These are used to display presentations in meeting halls or in classrooms.
3. Bar code / QR code Reader:
A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The Bar code reader scans the information on the bar codes transmits to the Computer for further processing. The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.
4. QR (Quick response) Code:
The QR code is the two dimension bar code which can be read by a camera and processed to interpert the image.
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Applications Introduction to Computers Additional Important Questions and Answers
I. Choose The Correct Answer
Question 1.
………………….. is the father of computer.
(a) John Napier
(b) William Oughtred
(c) Blaise Pascal
(d) Charles Babbage
Answer:
(d) Charles Babbage
Question 2.
The expansion of ALU is:
(a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
(b) Arithmetic Long Unit
(c) Arithmetic Law Unit
(d) Arithmetic Logo Unit
Answer:
(a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
Question 3.
The first generation was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975-present
Answer:
(a) 1942-1955
Question 4.
The first generation computers used:
(a) assembly language
(b) machine language
(c) high level language
(d) word processor language
Answer:
(b) machine language
Question 5.
……………………. used in second generation computers.
(a) Punched cards
(b) Plotter
(c) Printers
(d) Keyboard
Answer:
(a) Punched cards
Question 6.
Second generation computers used:
(a) vaccum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) micro processor
Answer:
(b) transistor
Question 7.
Batch processing and multi programming operating system were used in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) third generation
(d) fourth generation
Answer:
(b) second generation
Question 8.
The second generation was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975-1980
Answer:
(b) 1955-1964
Question 9.
Third generation computers used:
(a) vaccum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) microprocessor
Answer:
(c) integrated circuit
Question 10.
The third generation was in the year:
(a) 1955 – 1964
(b) 1964 – 1975
(c) 1975 – 1980
(d) 1942 – 1955
Answer:
(b) 1964- 1975
Question 11.
High level language appeared in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) third generation
(d) fourth generation
Answer:
(c) third generation
Question 12.
Fourth generation computers used:
(a) vaccum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) microprocessor
Answer:
(d) microprocessor
Question 13.
Portable computers are introduced in generation.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
Answer:
(d) fourth
Question 14.
Fourth generation computers was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975-1980
Answer:
(d) 1975-1980
Question 15.
Microcomputer series such as IBM and APPLE developed in ………………………. generation.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
Answer:
(d) fourth
Question 16.
Fifth generation was in the year:
(a) 1980-1990
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1980 – present
(d) 1942-1955
Answer:
(c) 1980 – present
Question 17.
Computers can recognize images and graphs in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) fourth generation
(d) fifth generation
Answer:
(d) fifth generation
Question 18.
Introduction of Artificial intelligence is in ………………….. generation.
(a) sixth
(b) third
(c) fourth
(d) fifth
Answer:
(d) fifth
Question 19.
…………………….. is in the sixth generation.
(a) Introduction of portable computers
(b) Introduction of artificial intelligence
(c) Development of robotics
(d) Introduction of word processors
Answer:
(c) Development of robotics
Question 20.
Sixth generation computers are:
(a) batch processing
(b) parallel processing
(c) natural language processing
(d) natural networks
Answer:
(c) natural language processing
Question 21.
Voice Recognition is in the generation.
(a) sixth
(b) fourth
(c) fifth
(d) third
Answer:
(a) sixth
Question 22.
……………………….. is the ability of a computer program to understand human language.
(a) NLP
(b) CPU
(c) ANN
(d) AI
Answer:
(a) NLP
Question 23.
……………………. is a component of artificial intelligence.
(a) CPU
(b) ANN
(C) NLP
(d) ALU
Answer:
(C) NLP
Question 24.
……………………. deals with the design, construction, operation and use of robots.
(a) NLP
(b) Robotics
(c) AI
(d) ANN
Answer:
(b) Robotics
Question 25.
…………………… is the study and application of extremely small things.
(a) Nanotechnology
(b) ANN
(c) Natural language processing
(d) Bio Engineering
Answer:
(a) Nanotechnology
Question 26.
…………………… involves the ability to see and to control individual atoms and molecules.
(a) Robotics
(b) Artificial neural networks
(c) Nanotechnology
(d) NLP
Answer:
(c) Nanotechnology
Question 27.
……………………. that applies engineering principles of design and analysis to biological systems and biomedical technologies.
(a) Nanotechnology
(b) Robotics
(c) Bio-engineering
(d) NLP
Answer:
(c) Bio-engineering
Question 28.
……………………… is the term used for rawfacts and figures.
(a) Data
(b) Information
(c) Mother board
(d) Data processing
Answer:
(a) Data
Question 29.
Data represented in useful and meaningful form is:
(a) data processing
(b) information
(c) data
(d) information set
Answer:
(b) information
Question 30.
The conversion of data to information is called:
(a) computer
(b) information
(c) data processing
(d) software
Answer:
(c) data processing
Question 31.
The computer is the combination of:
(a) hardware and software
(b) mother board and memory devices
(c) monitor and keyboard
(d) monitor and CPU
Answer:
(a) hardware and software
Question 32.
…………………. is the physical components of a computer.
(a) Software
(b) Hardware
(c) Mouse
(d) CPU
Answer:
(b) Hardware
Question 33.
……………………. is the set of programs or instructions.
(a) Hard ware
(b) Soft ware
(c) Input – Process – Output
(d) Data
Answer:
(b) Soft ware
Question 34.
Every task given to a computer follows an:
(a) instruction
(b) input – process – output cycle
(c) data
(d) process cycle
Answer:
(b) input – process – output cycle
Question 35.
holds the data and instructions during the processing.
(a) Input unit
(b) Memory unit
(c) Output unit
(d) Storage imit
Answer:
(b) Memory unit
Question 36.
…………………….. is the component through which data and instructions are provided to the computer.
(a) Input device
(b) Output device
(c) Memory xmit
(d) Storage device
Answer:
(a) Input device
Question 37.
…………………. is the heart of the computer.
(a) Memory
(b) Software
(c) Storage devices
(d) CPU
Answer:
(d) CPU
Question 38.
The …………………. is the component which delivers the data and inffomation processed by the CPU.
(a) memory storage device
(b) input device
(c) CPU
(d) output device
Answer:
(d) output device
Question 39.
The expansion of CPU is:
(a) Central Processing Unit
(b) Central Prefix Unit
(c) Central Power Unit
(d) Central Printer Unit
Answer:
(a) Central Processing Unit
Question 40.
…………………….. is the logical machine which interprets and executes software instructions.
(a) CPU
(b) Mother Board
(c) Input Device
(d) Storage Device
Answer:
(a) CPU
Question 41.
The CPU has ………………….. units.
(a) four
(b) five
(c) two
(d) three
Answer:
(d) three
Question 42.
The ……………………… performs arithmetic operations.
(a) ALU
(b) CPU
(c) control unit
(d) memory unit
Answer:
(a) ALU
Question 43.
The ……………………. operations of ALU promote the decision making ability of a computer.
(a) arithmetic
(b) logical
(c) comparison
(d) text
Answer:
(b) logical
Question 44.
The unit controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices.
(a) memory
(b) ALU
(c) CPU
(d) control
Answer:
(d) control
Question 45.
The memory unit is of ………………………. kinds.
(a) three
(b) four
(c) five
(d) two
Answer:
(d) two
Question 46.
……………………… memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data.
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) PROM
(d) EPROM
Answer:
(a) Primary
Question 47.
…………………….. is the most common input device used today.
(a) Keyboard
(b) Mouse
(c) Scanner
(d) Light Pen
Answer:
(a) Keyboard
Question 48.
……………………….. is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display screen.
(a) Keyboard
(b) Scanner
(c) Trackball
(d) Mouse
Answer:
(d) Mouse
Question 49.
……………………… are used to enter information directly into the computer’s memory.
(a) Mouse
(b) Keyboard
(c) Scanner
(d) Trackball
Answer:
(c) Scanner
Question 50.
…………………… used for computer security equipped with the fingerprint recognition.
(a) Fingerprint scanner
(b) Retinal scanner
(c) Optical character – Reader
(d) Touch Screen
Answer:
(a) Fingerprint scanner
Question 51.
……………………. uses the unique patterns on a person’s retina blood vessels.
(a) Scanners
(b) Finger print scanner
(c) Barcode reader
(d) Retinal scanner
Answer:
(d) Retinal scanner
Question 52.
……………………. is an input device which is used to draw lines or figures on a computer screen.
(a) OCR
(b) Light pen
(c) Mouse
(d) Keyboard
Answer:
(b) Light pen
Question 53.
……………………. is a device which detects alpha numeric characters printed or written on a paper.
(a) Optical Character Reader
(b) Light Pen
(c) Scanner
(d) Bar code Reader
Answer:
(a) Optical Character Reader
Question 54.
………………….. reads bar codes and converts them into electric pulses to be processed by a computer.
(a) Scanner
(b) Track Ball
(c) Mouse
(d) Bar Code Reader
Answer:
(d) Bar Code Reader
Question 55.
A ……………………. convert human speech into electrical signals.
(a) digital camera
(b) touch screen
(c) microphone
(d) keyboard
Answer:
(c) microphone
Question 56.
…………………….. converts graphics directly into the digital form.
(a) Microphone
(b) Light pen
(c) Touch screen
(d) Digital Camera
Answer:
(d) Digital Camera
Question 57.
……………………. is a display device that allows the uses to interact with a computer by using the finger.
(a) Microphone
(b) Light pen
(c) Touch screen
(d) Digital Camera
Answer:
(c) Touch screen
Question 58.
…………………….. is a device for signalling by hand.
(a) Keyer
(b) Microphone
(c) Touchscreen
(d) Scanner
Answer:
(c) Touchscreen
Question 59.
…………………… is the most commonly used output device to display the information.
(a) Printer
(b) Monitor
(c) Plotter
(d) Keyer
Answer:
(b) Monitor
Question 60.
……………………. is used to produce graphical output on papers.
(a) Printers
(b) Plotters
(c) Monitor
(d) Scanners
Answer:
(b) Plotters
Question 61.
……………………. are used to print the information on papers.
(a) Plotters
(b) Monitor
(c) Printers
(d) Scanners
Answer:
(c) Printers
Question 62.
Printers are divided into ……………………… main categories.
(a) three
(b) two
(c) four
(d) five
Answer:
(b) two
Question 63.
The printing speed.of serial dot matrix printers varies from:
(a) 50 to 1000 cps
(b) 100 to 1000 cps
(c) 40 to 1550 cps
(d) 30 to 1550 cps
Answer:
(d) 30 to 1550 cps
Question 64.
Line printers are capable of printing much ……………………… lines per minute.
(a) more than 500
(b) more than 800
(c) more than 100
(d) more than 1000
Answer:
(d) more than 1000
Question 65.
……………………. produces voice output.
(a) Printer
(b) Projector
(c) Speakers
(d) Plotters
Answer:
(c) Speakers
Question 66.
…………………….. is used to produce computer output on a big screen.
(a) Monitor
(b) Multimedia projector
(c) Speakers
(d) Plotters
Answer:
(b) Multimedia projector
Question 67.
Booting process is of types.
(a) two
(b) three
(c) four
(d) five
Answer:
(a) two
Question 68.
Cold Booting is also called as:
(a) hard booting
(b) soft booting
(c) rough booting
(d) fast booting
Answer:
(a) hard booting
Question 69.
……………………. transfers from hard disk into main memory.
(a) Assembler
(b) Complier
(c) Bootstrap loader
(d) Loader
Answer:
(c) Bootstrap loader
II. Short Answers
Question 1.
What is a Registers?
Answer:
Registers are the high speed temporary storage locations in the CPU. Although the number of registers varies from computer to computer, there are some registers which are common to all computers.
Question 2.
What type of challenges in natural language processing (NLP) frequently involved?
Answer:
Speech Recognition, Natural Language Understanding and Natural Language Generation.
Question 3.
What is a function of Robotics?
Answer:
Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback and processing.
Question 4.
What is Data?
Answer:
Data is defined as an unprocessed collection of raw facts, suitable for communication, interpretation or processing.
Eg: 134, 16 ‘Kavitha’, ‘C’ are data. This will not give any meaningful message.
Question 5.
What is Information?
Answer:
Information is a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn. In simple words we can say that data is the raw facts that is proqessed to give meaningful, ordered or structured information. Eg: Kavitha is 16 years old. This information is about Kavitha and conveys some meaning. This conversion of data into information is called data processing.
Question 6.
Write the different types of mouse?
Answer:
Different types of mouse available are: Mechanical Mouse, Optical, Laser Mouse, Air Mouse, 3D Mouse, Tactile Mouse,firgonomic Mouse and Gaming Mouse.
Question 7.
What is Track Ball?
Answer:
Track ball is similar to the upside- down design of the mouse. The user moves the ball directly, while the device itself remains stationary. The user spins the ball in various directions to navigate the screen movements.
Question 8.
Mention the uses of scanner?
Answer:
Scanners are used to enter the information directly into the computer’s memory. This device works like a Xerox machine. The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital format, which can be manipulated by the computer.
Question 9.
What is the use of plotters?
Answer:
Plotter is an output device that is used to produce graphical output’ on papers. It uses single color or multi color pens to draw pictures.
Question 10.
How the printers are categorized?
Answer:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. Printers are divided into two main categories:
- Impact Printers.
- Non Impact Printers.
Question 11.
Name the types of Booting process?
Answer:
Booting process is of two types.
- Cold Booting
- Warm Booting.
Question 12.
What is meant by Cold Booting?
Answer:
When the system starts from initial state i.e. it is switched on, we call it cold booting or Hard Booting. When the user presses the Power button, the instructions are read from the ROM to initiate the booting process.
Question 13.
What is meant by Warm Booting?
Answer:
When the system restarts or when Reset button is pressed, we call it Warm Booting or Soft Booting. The system does not start from initial state and so all diagnostic tests need not be carried out in this case. There are chances of data loss and system damage as the data might not have been stored properly.
Question 14.
Write the performance of a Retinal Scanner?
Answer:
This performs a retinal scan which is a biometric technique that uses unique patterns on a person’s retinal blood vessels.
III. Explain in Brief
Question 1.
What is a mouse?
Answer:
Mouse (wired/wireless) is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display screen. It can be used to select icons, menus, command buttons or activate something on a computer. Some mouse actions are move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop.
Question 2.
What are the variety of mouse available?
Answer:
Variety of mouse available, they are: Mechanical Mouse, Optical and Laser Mouse, Air Mouse, 3D Mouse, Tactile Mouse, Pucks, Ergonomic Mouse and Gaming Mouse. Among all the types, Mechanical and Optical and Laser mouse is very familiar.
Question 3.
What are the two main type of printers? Give example?
Answer:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. Printers are divided into two main categories: (i) Impact Printers and (ii) Non Impact printers
(i) Impact Printers:
These printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon. These printers can print on multi-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure. Eg: Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers are impact printers.
(ii) Non-Impact Printers:
These printers do not use striking mechanism for printing. They use electrostatic and laser technology. Quality and speed of these printers is better than Impact printers. Eg: Laser printers and Inkjet printers are non-impact printers.
Question 4.
What is the classification of memory?
Answer:
The Memory Unit is of two kinds which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute.
Eg: RAM The secondary memory is used to permanently store the data. Eg: Hard disk, CD-ROM
Question 5.
What is boot sequence? (or) Write the process of Booting?
Answer:
An Opertaing System (OS) is a basic software that makes the computer to work. When a computer is switched on, there is no information in its RAM.At the same time, in ROM, the pre-written program called POST (Power on Self Test) will be executed first. This program checks if the devices like RAM, keyboard, etc., are connected properly and ready to operate.
If these devices are ready, then the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) gets executed. This process is called Booting. Thereafter, a program called “Bootstrap Loader” transfers OS from hard disk into main memory. Now the OS gets loaded (Windows/Linux, etc.,) and will get executed. Booting process is of two types.(i) Cold Booting, (ii) Warm Booting.
Question 6.
Write short notes on sixth generation computing?
Answer:
In the Sixth Generation, computers could be defined as the era of intelligent computers, based on Artificial Neural Networks. One of the most dramatic changes in the sixth generation will be the explosive growth of Wide Area Networking. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a component of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It provides the ability to develop the computer program to understand human language.
Question 7.
Write the mechanism for mechanical mouse?
Answer:
- A small ball is kept inside and touches the pad through a hole at the bottom of the mouse.
- When the mouse is moved, the ball rolls.
- This movement of the ball is converted into signals and sent to the computer.
Question 8.
Write the function of keyboard?
Answer:
Keyboard (wired / wireless, virtual) is the most common input device used today. The individual keys for letters, numbers and special characters are collectively known as character keys. This keyboard layout is derived from the keyboard of original typewriter.
The data and instructions are given as input to the computer by typing on the keyboard. Apart from alphabet and numeric keys, it also has Function keys for performing different functions. There are different set of keys available in the keyboard such as character keys, modifier keys, system and GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric keypad and lock keys.
Question 9.
Write short notes on
(i) Optical character reader
(ii) Voice input system.
(i) Optical Character Reader:
It is a device which detects characters printed or written on a paper with OCR, a user can scan a page from a book. The Computer will recognize the characters in the page as letters and punctuation marks and stores. The Scanned document can be edited using a wordprocessor.
(ii) Voice Input System:
Microphone serves as a voice Input device. It captures the voice data and send it to the Computer. Using the microphone along with speech recognition software can offer a completely new approach to input information into the Computer.
Question 10.
Expand the following:
(i) POST
(ii) BIOS
(iii) NLP
Answer:
(i) POST:
Power on Self Test.
(ii) BIOS:
Basic Input Output System.
(iii) NLP:
Natural Language Processing.
Question 11.
How the touch screen allows the user to interact with computer?
Answer:
A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact with a computer by using the . finger. It can be quite useful as an alternative to a mouse or keyboard for navigating a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Touch screens are used on a wide variety of devices such as computers, laptops, monitors, smart phones, tablets, cash registers and information kiosks. Some touch screens use a grid of infrared beams to sense the presence of a finger instead of utilizing touch- sensitive input.
Question 12.
What is the use of Fingerprint Scanner?
Answer:
Fingerprint Scanner is a fingerprint recognition device used for computer security equipped with the fingerprint recognition feature that uses biometric technology. Fingerprint Reader / Scanner is a very safe and convenient device for security instead of using passwords, which is vulnerable to fraud and is hard to remember.
Question 13.
Write about the light pen?
Answer:
A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a monitor. The tip of the light pen contains a light-sensitive element which detects the light from the screen enabling the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen. Light pens have the advantage ofedrawing’ directly onto the screen, but this becomes hard to use, and is also not accurate.
Question 14.
What is hardware and software?
Answer:
Hardware is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memoiy devices, monitor, keyboard etc. while software is the set of programs or instructions.
Question 15.
Give the use of speakers?
Answer:
Speakers produce voice output (audio). Using speaker along with speech synthesize software, the computer can provide voice output. This has become very common in places like airlines, schools, banks, railway stations, etc.
IV. Explain in detail
Question 1.
List a few commonly used Input devices and explain them briefly?
Answer:
The most commonly used Input devices are:
(i) Keyboard:
Keyboard (wired / wireless, virtual) is the most common input device used today. The individual keys for letters, numbers and special characters are collectively known as character keys. This keyboard layout is derived from the keyboard of original typewriter.
The data and instructions are given as input to the computer by typing on the keyboard. Apart from alphabet and numeric keys, it also has Function keys for performing different functions. There are different set of keys available in the keyboard such as character keys, modifier keys, system and GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric keypad and lock keys.
(ii) Mouse:
Mouse (wired/wireless) is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display screen. It can be used to select icons, menus, command buttons or activate something on a computer. Some mouse actions are move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop.
(iii) Scanner:
Scanners are used to enter the information directly into the computer’s memory. This device works like a Xerox machine. The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital format, which can be manipulated by the computer.
(iv) Barcode Readers:
A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The Bar code reader scans the information on the bar codes transmits to the Computer for further processing. The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.
(v) Digital camera:
It captures images J videos directly in the digital form. It uses a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) electronic chip. When light falls on the chip through the lens, it converts light rays into digital format.
Question 2.
Write the commonly used output devices and explain them briefly?
Answer:
The most commonly used output devices are
(i) Monitor
(ii) Printers.
(i) Monitor:
Monitor is the most commonly used output device to display the information. It looks like a TV, Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called Pixels. Monitors may either be Monochrome which display text or images in Black and White or can be color, which display results in multiple colors. There are many types of monitors available such as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diodes). The monitor works with the VGA (Video Graphics Array) card. The video graphics card helps the keyboard to communicate with the screen. It acts as an interface between the computer and display monitor. Usually the recent motherboards incorporate built-in video card.
(ii) Printers:
Printers are used to print the information of papers. Printers are divided into two main categories.
(a) Impact Printers:
The memory unit is of two types which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.
The Primary Memory is volatile, that is, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off. The Random Access Memory (RAM) is an example of a main memory. The Secondary memory is non volatile, that is, the content is available even after the power supply is switched off. Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM are examples of secondary memory.
(b) Non-Impact Printers:
These printers do not use striking mechanism for printing. They use electrostatic or laser technology. Quality and speed of these printers are better than Impact printers. Eg: Laser printers and Inkjet printers are non-impact printers.
Thermal Printers:
It is a digital printing process which produces a printed image by selectively heating coated thermochromic paper, or thermal paper as it is commonly known, when the paper passes over the thermal print head. The coating turns black in the areas where it is heated, producing an image. Two colour direct thermal printers can print both black and an additional colour (often red) by applying heat at two different temperature.
Laser Printers:
Laser printers mostly work with similar technology used by photocopiers. It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer, building up a pattern. It can produce very good quality of graphic images. One of the chief characteristics of laser printer is their resolution – how many Dots per inch(DPI). The available resolution range around 1200 dpi. Approximately it can print 100 pages per minute(PPM).
Inkjet Printers:
inkjet Printers use colour cartridges which combined Magenta, Yellow and Cyan inks to create color tones. A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output. Inkjet printers work by spraying ionised ink at a sheet of paper. The speed of Inkjet printers generaly range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).
They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper in bubbles or by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by electronic circuits are used inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed. An Inkjet printer can spread millions of dots of ink at the paper every single second.
Question 3.
Explain the types of mouse?
Answer: